E-ISSN 2414-6013 | ISSN 2411-9636
 

Technical Note
Online Published: 30 Oct 2025
 


Optimization of Adobe and Sawdust-Based Bricks for Improved Energy Efficiency in Construction

Mohammed Benfars, Abdelmounaim Alioui, Youness Azalam, Mourad Kaddiri, Mustapha Mabrouki.


Abstract
The exploration of bio-based materials for sustainable construction practices, particularly through the use of locally sourced resources like sawdust, is the focus of this study, which  evaluates the thermal performance of adobe bricks reinforced with 2% sawdust in small, medium, and large sizes, ranging from 0.3 to 2 cm. The bricks were manufactured using local materials, and the physicochemical properties of the clay were initially analyzed and characterized. The laboratory examined the bricks' thermophysical characteristics, such as their density, thermal conductivity, and heat capacity. The TRNSYS program was used to conduct annual thermal simulations based on representative meteorological data for a typical building in the semi-arid Moroccan city of Beni Mellal.    The results indicate that the energy savings achieved in terms of both heating and cooling were comparable across all configurations of sawdust-reinforced adobe bricks. When compared to a reference concrete building, the heating energy demand was reduced by 59.14% for clay without sawdust, 72.61% for clay with small sawdust, 71.25% for clay with medium sawdust, and 69.88% for clay with large sawdust. Similarly, the cooling energy demand reductions were 45.71%, 58.82%, 57.68%, and 56.62%, respectively, for clay without sawdust, and with small, medium, and large sawdust. These findings suggest that the incorporation of sawdust, regardless of particle size, leads to similar energy savings, offering flexibility in utilizing locally available sawdust from Beni Mellal to optimize energy performance. This research highlights the importance of local clay-based materials and the use of sawdust as a natural reinforcement, to optimize the energy efficiency of buildings. It also offers new perspectives for their integration into sustainable construction practices, contributing to global sustainable development goals.

Key words: Adobe bricks, Sawdust, Thermal performance, Energy efficiency, Sustainable construction.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Benfars M, Alioui A, Azalam Y, Kaddiri M, Mabrouki M. Optimization of Adobe and Sawdust-Based Bricks for Improved Energy Efficiency in Construction. Sol. Energy Sustain. Dev.. 2025; 14(2): 164-179.

doi:10.51646/jsesd.v14iSTR2E.983



Web Style

Benfars M, Alioui A, Azalam Y, Kaddiri M, Mabrouki M. Optimization of Adobe and Sawdust-Based Bricks for Improved Energy Efficiency in Construction. https://www.jsesd.org/?mno=302658377 [Access: November 12, 2026].

doi:10.51646/jsesd.v14iSTR2E.983



AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Benfars M, Alioui A, Azalam Y, Kaddiri M, Mabrouki M. Optimization of Adobe and Sawdust-Based Bricks for Improved Energy Efficiency in Construction. Sol. Energy Sustain. Dev.. 2025; 14(2): 164-179.


doi:10.51646/jsesd.v14iSTR2E.983



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Benfars M, Alioui A, Azalam Y, Kaddiri M, Mabrouki M. Optimization of Adobe and Sawdust-Based Bricks for Improved Energy Efficiency in Construction. Sol. Energy Sustain. Dev.. (2025), [cited November 12, 2026]; 14(2): 164-179.


doi:10.51646/jsesd.v14iSTR2E.983



Harvard Style

Benfars, M., Alioui, . A., Azalam, . Y., Kaddiri, . M. & Mabrouki, . M. (2025) Optimization of Adobe and Sawdust-Based Bricks for Improved Energy Efficiency in Construction. Sol. Energy Sustain. Dev., 14 (2), 164-179.


doi:10.51646/jsesd.v14iSTR2E.983



Turabian Style

Benfars, Mohammed, Abdelmounaim Alioui, Youness Azalam, Mourad Kaddiri, and Mustapha Mabrouki. 2025. Optimization of Adobe and Sawdust-Based Bricks for Improved Energy Efficiency in Construction. Solar Energy and Sustainable Development, 14 (2), 164-179.


doi:10.51646/jsesd.v14iSTR2E.983



Chicago Style

Benfars, Mohammed, Abdelmounaim Alioui, Youness Azalam, Mourad Kaddiri, and Mustapha Mabrouki. "Optimization of Adobe and Sawdust-Based Bricks for Improved Energy Efficiency in Construction." Solar Energy and Sustainable Development 14 (2025), 164-179.


doi:10.51646/jsesd.v14iSTR2E.983



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Benfars, Mohammed, Abdelmounaim Alioui, Youness Azalam, Mourad Kaddiri, and Mustapha Mabrouki. "Optimization of Adobe and Sawdust-Based Bricks for Improved Energy Efficiency in Construction." Solar Energy and Sustainable Development 14.2 (2025), 164-179. Print.


doi:10.51646/jsesd.v14iSTR2E.983



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Benfars, M., Alioui, . A., Azalam, . Y., Kaddiri, . M. & Mabrouki, . M. (2025) Optimization of Adobe and Sawdust-Based Bricks for Improved Energy Efficiency in Construction. Solar Energy and Sustainable Development, 14 (2), 164-179.


doi:10.51646/jsesd.v14iSTR2E.983